宁波市企业职工工伤保险暂行办法
浙江省宁波市人民政府
宁波市企业职工工伤保险暂行办法
市政府令第68号
（1998年6月13日市人民政府令第68号发布 自1998年8月1日起施行）
第一章 总 则
第一条 为保障劳动者在生产、工作中遭受事故和职业伤害后获得医疗救治、经济补偿和职业康复的权利，分散工伤风险，促进工伤预防和安全生产，根据《中华人民共和国劳动法》和国家其他有关规定，结合本市实际，制定本办法。
第二条 本办法适用于本市行政区域内的城镇国有、集体、私营、外商投资等各类企业。
第三条 工伤保险费用实行社会统筹，通过社会统筹设立工伤保险基金。
企业必须按照本办法参加工伤保险，缴纳工伤保险费。
企业职工是工伤保险对象，享受工伤保险有关待遇。职工个人不缴纳工伤保险费。
第四条 工伤保险应当与工伤事故预防、职业病防治相结合。
企业和职工应当认真执行国家劳动安全卫生法规制度，积极预防劳动过程中的工伤事故，减少职业危害。
第五条 市、县(市)、区劳动行政部门为本行政区域内的企业职工工伤保险工作的主管部门。
各级劳动行政部门所属的社会保险管理机构具体办理企业职工工伤保险的业务工作。
第六条 各级工会组织代表职工对工伤保险工作进行监督。
第二章 工伤保险范围
第七条 职工发生工伤事故后，企业应当积极组织抢救，按照有关规定及时报告当地劳动行政部门、社会保险管理机构、企业主管部门和工会等有关组织；对不属于劳动安全统计范围的工伤，应当直接报告当地社会保险管理机构。
第八条 职工由于下列情形之一负伤、致残或者死亡的，认定为工伤保险范围内的工伤：
(一)从事本单位日常生产、工作或者单位临时指定的工作的，或在紧急情况下未经单位指定从事有益于本单位工作的；
(二)经本单位安排或者同意，从事与本单位有关的科学试验、发明创造和技术改进工作的；
(三)从事抢险、救灾、救人等维护国家、社会和公众利益活动的；
(四)在生产、工作环境中因接触职业性有毒有害物质而患职业病或职业中毒的；
(五)因履行职责遭致人身伤害的；
(六)因工(公)、因战致残者和领取定期伤残抚恤金者旧伤复发的，或经县级以上劳动鉴定委员会鉴定为因工(公)、因战致残者旧伤复发而死亡的；
(七)因公外出期间，发生无本人责任或非本人主要责任的道路交通事故造成伤害的，或因其他意外事故遭受伤害或失踪的，或因突发疾病造成死亡或经第一次抢救后完全丧失劳动能力的；
(八)在生产、工作的时间和区域内，遭受意外事故伤害的或因突发疾病造成死亡或经第一次抢救后完全丧失劳动能力的；
(九)在上下班的规定时间和必经路线途中，发生无本人责任或非本人主要责任的道路交通事故遭受伤害的，或因本人不可抗力因素遭受意外伤害的；
(十)法律、法规规定的其他情形。
第九条 职工由于下列情形之一造成负伤、致残、死亡的，不认定为工伤：
(一)违法或犯罪；
(二)自杀或自残；
(三)斗殴；
(四)酗酒；
(五)法律、法规规定的其他情形。
第十条 工伤事故发生后，企业必须在48小时内(节假日顺延，下同)以口头形式、7日内以书面形式报告社会保险管理机构。法律、法规对工伤事故的报告时间另有规定的，从其规定。
社会保险管理机构应当在接到工伤事故报告之日起15日内作出是否为工伤的认定。工伤认定的决定应当以书面形式通知企业。
第三章 劳动鉴定和工伤评残
第十一条 职工在工伤医疗期内治愈或者伤情处于相对稳定状态，或者医疗期满仍不能工作的，应当接受劳动能力鉴定，评定伤残等级并定期复查伤残状况。
第十二条 县(市)、区级以上劳动鉴定委员会应当按国家制定的工伤与职业病致残程度鉴定标准(以下简称国家评残标准)，对因工负伤或者患职业病的职工伤残后丧失劳动能力的程度和护理依赖程度进行等级鉴定。
符合国家评残标准一级至四级的为完全丧失劳动能力；五级至六级的为大部分丧失劳动能力；七级至十级的为部分丧失劳动能力。
伤残待遇的确定和工伤职工的安置以评定的伤残等级为主要依据。
第十三条 县(市)、区级以上劳动鉴定委员会由劳动、卫生等行政部门和工会组织组成。劳动鉴定委员会的办公室设在同级劳动行政部门内，负责劳动鉴定的日常工作。
第十四条 县(市)、区级以上劳动鉴定委员会应当建立按月定期进行劳动鉴定制度。劳动鉴定委员会成员在进行劳动鉴定时，应当全面了解被鉴定人情况，严格执行工伤保险政策法规和评残标准，客观公正地作出鉴定结论。
第四章 工伤保险待遇
第十五条 企业应当自职工工伤医疗终结或者职业病确诊之日起30日内向当地社会保险管理机构提出工伤保险待遇申请。情况复杂的，经社会保险管理机构同意，企业提出工伤保险待遇申请的时限可以适当延长，但最长不得超过3个月。
第十六条 对因工负伤的职工，应及时送往医院抢救治疗。因伤情需要转外地医院治疗的，需由医院出具证明并经社会保险管理机构同意。情况紧急的，可先转院，并在10日内向社会保险管理机构补办手续。
工伤医疗费用先由企业垫付，医疗终结后，其抢救、医疗的费用(含挂号费、治疗费、药费、检查费、手术费、住院费)向社会保险管理机构结算。擅自转院治疗的费用、使用自费类药品(参照公费医疗用药范围确定自费类药品)的费用及非工伤医疗费用，社会保险管理机构不予支付。就医路费(包括转外地就医路费)由企业全额报销。住院期间的伙食费由企业按因公出差补助标准的三分之二予以报销，其余由本人负担。
第十七条 工伤职工医疗期间工资由企业照发。治疗至痊愈或处于相对稳定状态时，由医疗机构作出医疗终结结论。医疗期应根据工伤的不同程度确定为1至24个月，因伤情、病情需要延长的，由医院证明、企业申报，经社会保险管理机构批准后可以适当延长，但最长不超过36个月。
第十八条 职工因工致残被鉴定为符合国家评残标准一至四级的，应退出生产、工作岗位，终止与企业的劳动关系，并享受下列待遇：
(一)由社会保险管理机构发给一次性伤残补助金。伤残补助金以市区、县(市)职工上年社会月平均工资为基数计发，一至四级发放标准依次为24、22、20、18个月。
(二)由社会保险管理机构按月发给定期伤残抚恤金。定期伤残抚恤金以市区、县(市)职工上年社会月平均工资为基数计发，一至四级的发放标准依次为90%、85%、80%、75%。按本市养老保险办法计发的养老金待遇高于按本办法计发的定期伤残抚恤金时，按养老保险计发办法计发，并全额由社会保险管理机构支付。
(三)职工因工致残后，饮食起居需要人扶助的，由社会保险管理机构按月发给护理费。护理等级根据进食、翻身、大小便、穿衣及洗漱、自我移动五项条件，由劳动鉴定委员会评定为完全护理依赖、大部分护理依赖和部分护理依赖三个等级，工伤护理费依照这三个护理等级分别按市区、县(市)职工上年社会月平均工资的50%、40%、30%计发。
(四)职工工伤后需要易地安置的，由社会保险管理机构一次性发给6个月的市区、县(市)职工上年社会月平均工资，作为安家补助费；对搬家途中的车船费、住宿费、行李搬运费和伙食补助费，由企业按照本单位职工因公出差的标准予以报销。
第十九条 职工因工伤残被鉴定为符合国家评残标准五至十级的，企业不得与其解除劳动合同关系，应当为其安排适当工作，社会保险管理机构应当按其伤残等级发给一次性伤残补助金。一次性伤残补助金以市区、县(市)职工上年社会月平均工资为基数计发，五至十级发放标准依次为16、14、12、10、8、6个月。
伤残程度被鉴定为五至六级的职工，企业难以安排工作的，由企业按月发给相当于本人工伤前12个月平均工资70%的伤残抚恤金。
第二十条 社会保险管理机构应当对伤残职工定期组织伤残复查。对具有一定劳动能力的伤残职工，社会保险管理机构和企业应当积极组织职业康复培训，所需费用在工伤保险基金中列支。
第二十一条 工伤职工因辅助生产劳动及日常生活需要必须安装假肢、镶牙、配置拐杖、代步轮椅等器具的，需经医院提出意见并经社会保险管理机构批准，所需费用向社会保险管理机构按同期国产普及型标准报销。
第二十二条 建立定期伤残抚恤金的调整机制。对向社会保险管理机构领取定期伤残抚恤金的职工，统一按照市区、县(市)职工上年社会月平均工资增长率的60%增发定期伤残抚恤金，定期伤残抚恤金的调整与上年度生活费价格指数和本人定期伤残抚恤金挂钩，每年5月份调整一次。
第二十三条 因工伤残职工在领取一次性伤残补助金或领取定期伤残抚恤金期间旧伤复发，仍可享受工伤医疗待遇。伤情有变化的可以申请复查，重新进行伤残等级鉴定，根据鉴定结论调整相应待遇。
第二十四条 职工因工伤死亡的，由社会保险管理机构发给丧葬费和一次性工亡补助金。丧葬费和一次性工亡补助金按市区、县(市)上年职工社会月平均工资为基数计发，发放标准分别为6个月和48个月。
工伤职工在享受社会保险管理机构发给的定期伤残抚恤金期间死亡的，一次性工亡补助金按前款规定金额的50%发给。
领取一次性工亡补助金的第一顺序为：配偶、子女、父母；第二顺序为：兄弟姐妹和其他直系亲属。因工死亡职工生前留有遗嘱的，按遗嘱办理。
职工因工伤死亡，由社会保险管理机构按月发放供养直系亲属抚恤金(即生活困难补助费，以下称供养抚恤金)，直至失去供养条件时止。供养直系亲属的范围、条件和供养抚恤金的标准，按省、市有关规定执行。
第二十五条 同一工伤事故兼有民事赔偿的，应先按民事赔偿处理，民事赔偿高于工伤保险待遇的，不另行享受工伤保险待遇；低于工伤保险待遇的，其差额部分由工伤保险基金补足。
第二十六条 职工因公外出期间因意外事故而失踪的，从事故发生之日起3个月内，其工资由企业照发；从第4个月起，对供养直系亲属按月发给供养抚恤金；当人民法院宣告其死亡时，再发给丧葬费和一次性工亡补助金。如果失踪人重新出现，并经人民法院撤销死亡宣告的，已领取的有关款项应予退回。
第二十七条 参加本市工伤保险的企业外派劳务输出人员在境外因工伤事故负伤、致残或死亡的，应由境外方面承担赔偿责任的，按国家有关规定处理应由我方承担赔偿责任的，按本办法处理。
第二十八条 享受定期伤残抚恤金或者供养抚恤金的人员到境外定居的，可以凭生存证明继续享受相关待遇。 生存证明每年向社会保险管理机构提供一次。
第二十九条 享受定期伤残抚恤金的人员被依法判刑或被劳动教养的，在服刑和劳教期间停止享受工伤保险待遇。刑满释放或劳动教养期满后，可恢复享受工伤保险待遇，但停发的款项不予补发。
第三十条 职工本人或其亲属失去享受工伤保险待遇的条件时，由社会保险管理机构收回有关证件予以注销，并终止其享受待遇。
第五章 工伤保险基金
第三十一条 工伤保险基金实行社会统筹，由社会保险管理机构统一征集和管理。
第三十二条 工伤保险基金由下列项目构成：
(一)企业缴纳的工伤保险费；
(二)工伤保险费滞纳金；
(三)工伤保险费的利息；
(四)法律、法规规定的其他资金。
第三十三条 工伤保险费根据各行业的伤亡事故风险及职业危害程度的类别，实行行业差别费率。
行业差别费率每5年调整一次。
第三十四条 工伤保险费由企业根据在职职工人数,按照市区、县（市）职工上年社会月平均工资的一定比例缴纳,具体为：
(一)商业、贸易、饮食、金融、保险、邮电、通讯、农林、技术(信息)服务、房地产、旅游等类企业为0.4%；
(二)纺织、丝绸化纤、印染、服装、皮革、电子电器、包装、物资供销仓储、食品、副食品加工、造纸、印刷、五金加工、电力安装维修、塑料制品加工、家具制作、工艺、医药及其他轻工加工等类企业为0.6%；
(三)交通运输、建材、化工、搬运起重、冶金机械、机器制造、船舶修造、水产捕捞、汽车装配维修、石油化工、橡胶、木材采运加工、港口作业等类企业为0.8%；
(四)矿山井下、露天采掘、建筑安装、深水作业、有尘毒作业、放射性作业、煤气生产储存、勘探、爆破作业等类企业为1%。
第三十五条 劳动职业安全卫生监察部门会同社会保险管理机构每年对企业的安全生产情况和工伤保险费的支出情况进行考核评估，根据考核结果对第三十四条第（一）、（二）项范围内的企业，在上下10%幅度内调整企业下一年度的工伤保险缴费率；对第三十四条第（三）、（四）项范围内的企业，可以在上下20%幅度内调整企业下一年度的工伤保险缴费率。
第三十六条 工伤保险费在企业管理费中列支。
第三十七条 工伤保险费按月征缴，每月15日前由社会保险管理机构委托企业开户银行按规定费率代为扣缴，存入工伤保险基金专户。银行按城乡居民同期存款利率计息，所得利息并入基金。
工伤保险基金在国家财政建立社会保障预算制度之前，先按本市预算外资金管理制度进行管理，专款专用，任何单位和个人不得挪用或挤占。
第三十八条 工伤保险基金按下列项目支出：
(一)工伤医疗费用；
(二)伤残补助金、伤残抚恤金；
(三)护理费；
(四)安装和维修康复器具费用；
(五)因工死亡职工丧葬费、一次性工亡补助金、供养抚恤金；
(六)因工致残评定为一至四级，需要易地安置的安家补助费；
(七)安全生产的宣传、奖励和科研活动费，事故预防费，劳动鉴定费；
(八)伤残职工的职业康复费用；
(九)经市人民政府批准需支付的其他与工伤保险有关的费用。
第三十九条 工伤保险基金不计征税、费。
第四十条 工伤保险基金的筹集、管理、支付情况应定期向社会保障制度改革委员会报告，并接受同级财政、审计等部门以及工会组织和社会各界的监督。
第六章 工伤预防与安全生产
第四十一条 社会保险管理机构应当配合劳动行政部门督促企业贯彻落实国家的职业安全卫生法律法规和标准，采取宣传、教育、监察和奖惩等措施，督促企业改善劳动条件，加强安全生产管理，减少伤亡事故和职业病的发生。
第四十二条 企业应当对职工进行工伤预防、安全生产、职业病预防等教育和培训工作。
第四十三条 职工应当接受劳动安全卫生教育和培训，服从企业安全生产管理人员的指导，严格遵守安全操作规程。
第四十四条 经市、县(市)、区人民政府批准，劳动行政部门可以从工伤保险基金当年节余额中提取不超过10%的费用，用于安全生产的宣传、奖励和科研活动以及事故预防等项支出。
第七章 责任与处罚
第四十五条 企业必须对职工承担工伤保险责任。劳动者被招收为企业职工时，企业必须在劳动合同中明确承诺依照本办法对职工承担工伤保险责任。
第四十六条 企业必须按时足额缴纳工伤保险费。对少缴、迟缴或不缴的，劳动行政部门应当责令其限期足额缴纳。逾期不缴纳的，劳动行政部门可按日加收应缴金额2‰的滞纳金。滞纳金并入工伤保险基金。
第四十七条 社会保险管理机构和企业必须按本办法规定的标准及时支付工伤保险待遇费用，不发或少发工伤保险待遇费用的，除必须如数补发外，还应加发利息。
第四十八条 企业实行租赁、兼并、转让时，继续经营的企业必须承担原企业职工的工伤保险责任。
企业实行内、外部经营承包或者建筑工程由若干个企业承包时，工伤保险责任由与职工形成劳动关系的企业负责。
企业破产或外商投资企业宣告解散时，应当按照法律、法规的有关规定清偿应负担的工伤保险待遇费用。
第四十九条 工伤事故发生后，企业必须落实工伤医疗抢救措施，确保工伤人员得到及时治疗。
社会保险管理机构调查了解工伤事故情况时，企业和工伤职工应当积极配合和协助。
第五十条 从事有职业危害作业的职工转换工作单位时，接收单位应当对其进行健康检查。发现患有职业病的，其工伤保险责任由原所在单位承担。
第五十一条 企业申请职工工伤保险待遇时，必须如实反映事故情况，夸大或隐瞒重要情节，影响劳动鉴定结论的，社会保险管理机构可停发或减发工伤保险待遇费用；对虚报冒领的，除追回冒领金额外，劳动行政部门还可处以2000元以下的罚款。
第五十二条 工伤职工应当接受企业、社会保险管理机构的医疗安排和劳动鉴定委员会的劳动鉴定安排。无故拒绝治疗、检查，影响劳动鉴定工作的，社会保险管理机构和企业可停发或减发工伤保险待遇费用。
第五十三条 工伤职工经劳动鉴定确认完全恢复或部分恢复劳动能力，可以工作而拒绝工作的，应当停止其享受工伤保险待遇。
第五十四条 工伤职工及其亲属与企业就工伤保险待遇的处理发生争议时，按照有关劳动争议的法律、法规处理。
第八章 附 则
第五十五条 在企业中实习的大中专院校、技工学校、职业中学学生发生工伤事故的，参照本办法享受工伤待遇，由企业支付有关费用。
第五十六条 社会保险管理机构所需工伤保险管理工作经费，由同级财政全额拨付。
第五十七条 本办法所称职工社会月平均工资，以政府统计部门发布的数字为准。
第五十八条 各县(市)、区人民政府可以依照本办法的规定，结合本地区实际情况制定实施意见，并报宁波市人民政府备案。
第五十九条 本办法具体应用问题由宁波市劳动局负责解释。
第六十条 本办法自1998年8月１日起施行。
中华人民共和国加入议定书(英文本)
世界贸易组织法律文件
PROTOCOL ON THE ACCESSION OF
THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Preamble
The World Trade Organization ("WTO"), pursuant to the approval of the Ministerial Conference of the WTO accorded under Article XII of the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization ("WTO Agreement"), and the People's Republic of China ("China"),
Recalling that China was an original contracting party to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1947,
Taking note that China is a signatory to the Final Act Embodying the Results of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations,
Taking note of the Report of the Working Party on the Accession of China in document WT/ACC/CHN/49 ("Working Party Report"),
Having regard to the results of the negotiations concerning China's membership in the WTO,
Agree as follows:
Part I - General Provisions
1. General
1. Upon accession, China accedes to the WTO Agreement pursuant to Article XII of that Agreement and thereby becomes a Member of the WTO.
2. The WTO Agreement to which China accedes shall be the WTO Agreement as rectified, amended or otherwise modified by such legal instruments as may have entered into force before the date of accession. This Protocol, which shall include the commitments referred to in paragraph 342 of the Working Party Report, shall be an integral part of the WTO Agreement.
3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, those obligations in the Multilateral Trade Agreements annexed to the WTO Agreement that are to be implemented over a period of time starting with entry into force of that Agreement shall be implemented by China as if it had accepted that Agreement on the date of its entry into force.
4. China may maintain a measure inconsistent with paragraph 1of Article II of the General Agreement on Trade in Services ("GATS") provided that such a measure is recorded in the List of Article II Exemptions annexed to this Protocol and meets the conditions of the Annex to the GATS on Article II Exemptions.
2. Administration of the Trade Regime
(A) Uniform Administration
1. The provisions of the WTO Agreement and this Protocol shall apply to the entire customs territory of China, including border trade regions and minority autonomous areas, Special Economic Zones, open coastal cities, economic and technical development zones and other areas where special regimes for tariffs, taxes and regulations are established (collectively referred to as "special economic areas").
2. China shall apply and administer in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner all its laws, regulations and other measures of the central government as well as local regulations, rules and other measures issued or applied at the sub-national level (collectively referred to as "laws, regulations and other measures") pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights ("TRIPS") or the control of foreign exchange.
3. China's local regulations, rules and other measures of local governments at the sub-national level shall conform to the obligations undertaken in the WTO Agreement and this Protocol.
4. China shall establish a mechanism under which individuals and enterprises can bring to the attention of the national authorities cases of non-uniform application of the trade regime.
(B) Special Economic Areas
1. China shall notify to the WTO all the relevant laws, regulations and other measures relating to its special economic areas, listing these areas by name and indicating the geographic boundaries that define them. China shall notify the WTO promptly, but in any case within 60 days, of any additions or modifications to its special economic areas, including notification of the laws, regulations and other measures relating thereto.
2. China shall apply to imported products, including physically incorporated components, introduced into the other parts of China's customs territory from the special economic areas, all taxes, charges and measures affecting imports, including import restrictions and customs and tariff charges, that are normally applied to imports into the other parts of China's customs territory.
3. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, in providing preferential arrangements for enterprises within such special economic areas, WTO provisions on non-discrimination and national treatment shall be fully observed.
(C) Transparency
1. China undertakes that only those laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange that are published and readily available to other WTO Members, individuals and enterprises, shall be enforced. In addition, China shall make available to WTO Members, upon request, all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange before such measures are implemented or enforced. In emergency situations, laws, regulations and other measures shall be made available at the latest when they are implemented or enforced.
2. China shall establish or designate an official journal dedicated to the publication of all laws, regulations and other measures pertaining to or affecting trade in goods, services, TRIPS or the control of foreign exchange and, after publication of its laws, regulations or other measures in such journal, shall provide a reasonable period for comment to the appropriate authorities before such measures are implemented, except for those laws, regulations and other measures involving national security, specific measures setting foreign exchange rates or monetary policy and other measures the publication of which would impede law enforcement. China shall publish this journal on a regular basis and make copies of all issues of this journal readily available to individuals and enterprises.
3. China shall establish or designate an enquiry point where, upon request of any individual, enterprise or WTO Member all information relating to the measures required to be published under paragraph 2(C)1 of this Protocol may be obtained. Replies to requests for information shall generally be provided within 30 days after receipt of a request. In exceptional cases, replies may be provided within 45 days after receipt of a request. Notice of the delay and the reasons therefor shall be provided in writing to the interested party. Replies to WTO Members shall be complete and shall represent the authoritative view of the Chinese government. Accurate and reliable information shall be provided to individuals and enterprises.
(D) Judicial Review
1. China shall establish, or designate, and maintain tribunals, contact points and procedures for the prompt review of all administrative actions relating to the implementation of laws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application referred to in Article X:1 of the GATT 1994, Article VI of the GATS and the relevant provisions of the TRIPS Agreement. Such tribunals shall be impartial and independent of the agency entrusted with administrative enforcement and shall not have any substantial interest in the outcome of the matter.
2. Review procedures shall include the opportunity for appeal, without penalty, by individuals or enterprises affected by any administrative action subject to review. If the initial right of appeal is to an administrative body, there shall in all cases be the opportunity to choose to appeal the decision to a judicial body. Notice of the decision on appeal shall be given to the appellant and the reasons for such decision shall be provided in writing. The appellant shall also be informed of any right to further appeal.
3. Non-discrimination
Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of:
(a) the procurement of inputs and goods and services necessary for production and the conditions under which their goods are produced, marketed or sold, in the domestic market and for export; and
(b) the prices and availability of goods and services supplied by national and sub-national authorities and public or state enterprises, in areas including transportation, energy, basic telecommunications, other utilities and factors of production.
4. Special Trade Arrangements
Upon accession, China shall eliminate or bring into conformity with the WTO Agreement all special trade arrangements, including barter trade arrangements, with third countries and separate customs territories, which are not in conformity with the WTO Agreement.
5. Right to Trade
1. Without prejudice to China's right to regulate trade in a manner consistent with the WTO Agreement, China shall progressively liberalize the availability and scope of the right to trade, so that, within three years after accession, all enterprises in China shall have the right to trade in all goods throughout the customs territory of China, except for those goods listed in Annex 2A which continue to be subject to state trading in accordance with this Protocol. Such right to trade shall be the right to import and export goods. All such goods shall be accorded national treatment under Article III of the GATT 1994, especially paragraph 4 thereof, in respect of their internal sale, offering for sale, purchase, transportation, distribution or use, including their direct access to end-users. For those goods listed in Annex 2B, China shall phase out limitation on the grant of trading rights pursuant to the schedule in that Annex. China shall complete all necessary legislative procedures to implement these provisions during the transition period.
2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, all foreign individuals and enterprises, including those not invested or registered in China, shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to enterprises in China with respect to the right to trade.
6. State Trading
1. China shall ensure that import purchasing procedures of state trading enterprises are fully transparent, and in compliance with the WTO Agreement, and shall refrain from taking any measure to influence or direct state trading enterprises as to the quantity, value, or country of origin of goods purchased or sold, except in accordance with the WTO Agreement.
2. As part of China's notification under the GATT 1994 and the Understanding on the Interpretation of Article XVII of the GATT 1994, China shall also provide full information on the pricing mechanisms of its state trading enterprises for exported goods.
7. Non-Tariff Measures
1. China shall implement the schedule for phased elimination of the measures contained in Annex 3. During the periods specified in Annex 3, the protection afforded by the measures listed in that Annex shall not be increased or expanded in size, scope or duration, nor shall any new measures be applied, unless in conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement.
2. In implementing the provisions of Articles III and XI of the GATT 1994 and the Agreement on Agriculture, China shall eliminate and shall not introduce, re-introduce or apply non-tariff measures that cannot be justified under the provisions of the WTO Agreement. For all non-tariff measures, whether or not referred to in Annex 3, that are applied after the date of accession, consistent with the WTO Agreement or this Protocol, China shall allocate and otherwise administer such measures in strict conformity with the provisions of the WTO Agreement, including GATT 1994 and Article XIII thereof, and the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, including notification requirements.
3. China shall, upon accession, comply with the TRIMs Agreement, without recourse to the provisions of Article 5 of the TRIMs Agreement. China shall eliminate and cease to enforce trade and foreign exchange balancing requirements, local content and export or performance requirements made effective through laws, regulations or other measures. Moreover, China will not enforce provisions of contracts imposing such requirements. Without prejudice to the relevant provisions of this Protocol, China shall ensure that the distribution of import licences, quotas, tariff-rate quotas, or any other means of approval for importation, the right of importation or investment by national and sub-national authorities, is not conditioned on: whether competing domestic suppliers of such products exist; or performance requirements of any kind, such as local content, offsets, the transfer of technology, export performance or the conduct of research and development in China.
4. Import and export prohibitions and restrictions, and licensing requirements affecting imports and exports shall only be imposed and enforced by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities. Such measures which are not imposed by the national authorities or by sub-national authorities with authorization from the national authorities, shall not be implemented or enforced.
8. Import and Export Licensing
1. In implementing the WTO Agreement and provisions of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures, China shall undertake the following measures to facilitate compliance with these agreements:
(a) China shall publish on a regular basis the following in the official journal referred to in paragraph 2(C)2 of this Protocol:
- by product, the list of all organizations, including those organizations delegated such authority by the national authorities, that are responsible for authorizing or approving imports or exports, whether through grant of licence or other approval;
- procedures and criteria for obtaining such import or export licences or other approvals, and the conditions for deciding whether they should be granted;
- a list of all products, by tariff number, that are subject to tendering requirements, including information on products subject to such tendering requirements and any changes, pursuant to the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures;
- a list of all goods and technologies whose import or export are restricted or prohibited; these goods shall also be notified to the Committee on Import Licensing;
- any changes to the list of goods and technologies whose import and export are restricted or prohibited.
Copies of these submissions in one or more official languages of the WTO shall be forwarded to the WTO for circulation to WTO Members and for submission to the Committee on Import Licensing within 75 days of each publication.
(b) China shall notify the WTO of all licensing and quota requirements remaining in effect after accession, listed separately by HS tariff line and with the quantities associated with the restriction, if any, and the justification for maintaining the restriction or its scheduled date of termination.
(c) China shall submit the notification of its import licensing procedures to the Committee on Import Licensing. China shall report annually to the Committee on Import Licensing on its automatic import licensing procedures, explaining the circumstances which give rise to these requirements and justifying the need for their continuation. This report shall also provide the information listed in Article 3 of the Agreement on Import Licensing Procedures.
(d) China shall issue import licences for a minimum duration of validity of six months, except where exceptional circumstances make this impossible. In such cases, China shall promptly notify the Committee on Import Licensing of the exceptional circumstances requiring the shorter period of licence validity.
2. Except as otherwise provided for in this Protocol, foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of the distribution of import and export licences and quotas.
9. Price Controls
1. China shall, subject to paragraph 2 below, allow prices for traded goods and services in every sector to be determined by market forces, and multi-tier pricing practices for such goods and services shall be eliminated.
2. The goods and services listed in Annex 4 may be subject to price controls, consistent with the WTO Agreement, in particular Article III of the GATT 1994 and Annex 2, paragraphs 3 and 4 of the Agreement on Agriculture. Except in exceptional circumstances, and subject to notification to the WTO, price controls shall not be extended to goods or services beyond those listed in Annex 4, and China shall make best efforts to reduce and eliminate these controls.
3. China shall publish in the official journal the list of goods and services subject to state pricing and changes thereto.
10. Subsidies
1. China shall notify the WTO of any subsidy within the meaning of Article 1 of the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures ("SCM Agreement"), granted or maintained in its territory, organized by specific product, including those subsidies defined in Article 3 of the SCM Agreement. The information provided should be as specific as possible, following the requirements of the questionnaire on subsidies as noted in Article 25 of the SCM Agreement.
2. For purposes of applying Articles 1.2 and 2 of the SCM Agreement, subsidies provided to state-owned enterprises will be viewed as specific if, inter alia, state-owned enterprises are the predominant recipients of such subsidies or state-owned enterprises receive disproportionately large amounts of such subsidies.
3. China shall eliminate all subsidy programmes falling within the scope of Article 3 of the SCM Agreement upon accession.
11. Taxes and Charges Levied on Imports and Exports
1. China shall ensure that customs fees or charges applied or administered by national or sub-national authorities, shall be in conformity with the GATT 1994.
2. China shall ensure that internal taxes and charges, including value-added taxes, applied or administered by national or sub-national authorities shall be in conformity with the GATT 1994.
3. China shall eliminate all taxes and charges applied to exports unless specifically provided for in Annex 6 of this Protocol or applied in conformity with the provisions of Article VIII of the GATT 1994.
4. Foreign individuals and enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises shall, upon accession, be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to other individuals and enterprises in respect of the provision of border tax adjustments.
12. Agriculture
1. China shall implement the provisions contained in China's Schedule of Concessions and Commitments on Goods and, as specifically provided in this Protocol, those of the Agreement on Agriculture. In this context, China shall not maintain or introduce any export subsidies on agricultural products.
2. China shall, under the Transitional Review Mechanism, notify fiscal and other transfers between or among state-owned enterprises in the agricultural sector (whether national or sub-national) and other enterprises that operate as state trading enterprises in the agricultural sector.
13. Technical Barriers to Trade
1. China shall publish in the official journal all criteria, whether formal or informal, that are the basis for a technical regulation, standard or conformity assessment procedure.
2. China shall, upon accession, bring into conformity with the TBT Agreement all technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures.
3. China shall apply conformity assessment procedures to imported products only to determine compliance with technical regulations and standards that are consistent with the provisions of this Protocol and the WTO Agreement. Conformity assessment bodies will determine the conformity of imported products with commercial terms of contracts only if authorized by the parties to such contract. China shall ensure that such inspection of products for compliance with the commercial terms of contracts does not affect customs clearance or the granting of import licences for such products.
4. (a) Upon accession, China shall ensure that the same technical regulations, standards and conformity assessment procedures are applied to both imported and domestic products. In order to ensure a smooth transition from the current system, China shall ensure that, upon accession, all certification, safety licensing, and quality licensing bodies and agencies are authorized to undertake these activities for both imported and domestic products, and that, one year after accession, all conformity assessment bodies and agencies are authorized to undertake conformity assessment for both imported and domestic products. The choice of body or agency shall be at the discretion of the applicant. For imported and domestic products, all bodies and agencies shall issue the same mark and charge the same fee. They shall also provide the same processing periods and complaint procedures. Imported products shall not be subject to more than one conformity assessment. China shall publish and make readily available to other WTO Members, individuals, and enterprises full information on the respective responsibilities of its conformity assessment bodies and agencies.
(b) No later than 18 months after accession, China shall assign the respective responsibilities of its conformity assessment bodies solely on the basis of the scope of work and type of product without any consideration of the origin of a product. The respective responsibilities that will be assigned to China's conformity assessment bodies will be notified to the TBT Committee 12 months after accession.
14. Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
China shall notify to the WTO all laws, regulations and other measures relating to its sanitary and phytosanitary measures, including product coverage and relevant international standards, guidelines and recommendations, within 30 days after accession.
15. Price Comparability in Determining Subsidies and Dumping
Article VI of the GATT 1994, the Agreement on Implementation of Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 1994 ("Anti-Dumping Agreement") and the SCM Agreement shall apply in proceedings involving imports of Chinese origin into a WTO Member consistent with the following:
(a) In determining price comparability under Article VI of the GATT 1994 and the Anti-Dumping Agreement, the importing WTO Member shall use either Chinese prices or costs for the industry under investigation or a methodology that is not based on a strict comparison with domestic prices or costs in China based on the following rules:
(i) If the producers under investigation can clearly show that market economy conditions prevail in the industry producing the like product with regard to the manufacture, production and sale of that product, the importing WTO Member shall use Chinese prices or costs for the industry under investigation in determining price comparability;
(ii) The importing WTO Member may use a methodology that is not based on a strict comparison with domestic prices or costs in China if the producers under investigation cannot clearly show that market economy conditions prevail in the industry producing the like product with regard to manufacture, production and sale of that product.
(b) In proceedings under Parts II, III and V of the SCM Agreement, when addressing subsidies described in Articles 14(a), 14(b), 14(c) and 14(d), relevant provisions of the SCM Agreement shall apply; however, if there are special difficulties in that application, the importing WTO Member may then use methodologies for identifying and measuring the subsidy benefit which take into account the possibility that prevailing terms and conditions in China may not always be available as appropriate benchmarks. In applying such methodologies, where practicable, the importing WTO Member should adjust such prevailing terms and conditions before considering the use of terms and conditions prevailing outside China.
(c) The importing WTO Member shall notify methodologies used in accordance with subparagraph (a) to the Committee on Anti-Dumping Practices and shall notify methodologies used in accordance with subparagraph (b) to the Committee on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures.
(d) Once China has established, under the national law of the importing WTO Member, that it is a market economy, the provisions of subparagraph (a) shall be terminated provided that the importing Member's national law contains market economy criteria as of the date of accession. In any event, the provisions of subparagraph (a)(ii) shall expire 15 years after the date of accession. In addition, should China establish, pursuant to the national law of the importing WTO Member, that market economy conditions prevail in a particular industry or sector, the non-market economy provisions of subparagraph (a) shall no longer apply to that industry or sector.
16. Transitional Product-Specific Safeguard Mechanism
1. In cases where products of Chinese origin are being imported into the territory of any WTO Member in such increased quantities or under such conditions as to cause or threaten to cause market disruption to the domestic producers of like or directly competitive products, the WTO Member so affected may request consultations with China with a view to seeking a mutually satisfactory solution, including whether the affected WTO Member should pursue application of a measure under the Agreement on Safeguards. Any such request shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.
2. If, in the course of these bilateral consultations, it is agreed that imports of Chinese origin are such a cause and that action is necessary, China shall take such action as to prevent or remedy the market disruption. Any such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.
3. If consultations do not lead to an agreement between China and the WTO Member concerned within 60 days of the receipt of a request for consultations, the WTO Member affected shall be free, in respect of such products, to withdraw concessions or otherwise to limit imports only to the extent necessary to prevent or remedy such market disruption. Any such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.
4. Market disruption shall exist whenever imports of an article, like or directly competitive with an article produced by the domestic industry, are increasing rapidly, either absolutely or relatively, so as to be a significant cause of material injury, or threat of material injury to the domestic industry. In determining if market disruption exists, the affected WTO Member shall consider objective factors, including the volume of imports, the effect of imports on prices for like or directly competitive articles, and the effect of such imports on the domestic industry producing like or directly competitive products.
5. Prior to application of a measure pursuant to paragraph 3, the WTO Member taking such action shall provide reasonable public notice to all interested parties and provide adequate opportunity for importers, exporters and other interested parties to submit their views and evidence on the appropriateness of the proposed measure and whether it would be in the public interest. The WTO Member shall provide written notice of the decision to apply a measure, including the reasons for such measure and its scope and duration.
6. A WTO Member shall apply a measure pursuant to this Section only for such period of time as may be necessary to prevent or remedy the market disruption. If a measure is taken as a result of a relative increase in the level of imports, China has the right to suspend the application of substantially equivalent concessions or obligations under the GATT 1994 to the trade of the WTO Member applying the measure, if such measure remains in effect more than two years. However, if a measure is taken as a result of an absolute increase in imports, China has a right to suspend the application of substantially equivalent concessions or obligations under the GATT 1994 to the trade of the WTO Member applying the measure, if such measure remains in effect more than three years. Any such action by China shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.
7. In critical circumstances, where delay would cause damage which it would be difficult to repair, the WTO Member so affected may take a provisional safeguard measure pursuant to a preliminary determination that imports have caused or threatened to cause market disruption. In this case, notification of the measures taken to the Committee on Safeguards and a request for bilateral consultations shall be effected immediately thereafter. The duration of the provisional measure shall not exceed 200 days during which the pertinent requirements of paragraphs 1, 2 and 5 shall be met. The duration of any provisional measure shall be counted toward the period provided for under paragraph 6.
8. If a WTO Member considers that an action taken under paragraphs 2, 3 or 7 causes or threatens to cause significant diversions of trade into its market, it may request consultations with China and/or the WTO Member concerned. Such consultations shall be held within 30 days after the request is notified to the Committee on Safeguards. If such consultations fail to lead to an agreement between China and the WTO Member or Members concerned within 60 days after the notification, the requesting WTO Member shall be free, in respect of such product, to withdraw concessions accorded to or otherwise limit imports from China, to the extent necessary to prevent or remedy such diversions. Such action shall be notified immediately to the Committee on Safeguards.
9. Application of this Section shall be terminated 12 years after the date of accession.
17. Reservations by WTO Members
All prohibitions, quantitative restrictions and other measures maintained by WTO Members against imports from China in a manner inconsistent with the WTO Agreement are listed in Annex 7. All such prohibitions, quantitative restrictions and other measures shall be phased out or dealt with in accordance with mutually agreed terms and timetables as specified in the said Annex.
18. Transitional Review Mechanism
1. Those subsidiary bodies1 of the WTO which have a mandate covering China's commitments under the WTO Agreement or this Protocol shall, within one year after accession and in accordance with paragraph 4 below, review, as appropriate to their mandate, the implementation by China of the WTO Agreement and of the related provisions of this Protocol. China shall provide relevant information, including information specified in Annex 1A, to each subsidiary body in advance of the review. China can also raise issues relating to any reservations under Section 17 or to any other specific commitments made by other Members in this Protocol, in those subsidiary bodies which have a relevant mandate. Each subsidiary body shall report the results of such review promptly to the relevant Council established by paragraph 5 of Article IV of the WTO Agreement, if applicable, which shall in turn report promptly to the General Council.
2. The General Council shall, within one year after accession, and in accordance with paragraph 4 below, review the implementation by China of the WTO Agreement and the provisions of this Protocol. The General Council shall conduct such review in accordance with the framework set out in Annex 1B and in the light of the results of any reviews held pursuant to paragraph 1. China also can raise issues relating to any reservations under Section 17 or to any other specific commitments made by other Members in this Protocol. The General Council may make recommendations to China and to other Members in these respects.
3. Consideration of issues pursuant to this Section shall be without prejudice to the rights and obligations of any Member, including China, under the WTO Agreement or any Plurilateral Trade Agreement, and shall not preclude or be a precondition to recourse to consultation or other provisions of the WTO Agreement or this Protocol.
4. The review provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 will take place after accession in each year for eight years. Thereafter there will be a final review in year 10 or at an earlier date decided by the General Council.
Part II - Schedules
1. The Schedules annexed to this Protocol shall become the Schedule of Concessions and Commitments annexed to the GATT 1994 and the Schedule of Specific Commitments annexed to the GATS relating to China. The staging of concessions and commitments listed in the Schedules shall be implemented as specified in the relevant parts of the relevant Schedules.
2. For the purpose of the reference in paragraph 6(a) of Article II of the GATT 1994 to the date of that Agreement, the applicable date in respect of the Schedules of Concessions and Commitments annexed to this Protocol shall be the date of accession.
Part III - Final Provisions
1. This Protocol shall be open for acceptance, by signature or otherwise, by China until 1 January 2002.
2. This Protocol shall enter into force on the thirtieth day following the day of its acceptance.
3. This Protocol shall be deposited with the Director-General of the WTO. The Director-General shall promptly furnish a certified copy of this Protocol and a notification of acceptance by China thereof, pursuant to paragraph 1 of Part III of this Protocol, to each WTO Member and to China.
4. This Protocol shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
Done at Doha this tenth day of November two thousand and one, in a single copy, in the English, French and Spanish languages, each text being authentic, except that a Schedule annexed hereto may specify that it is authentic in only one or more of these languages.
1 Council for Trade in Goods, Council for Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Council for Trade in Services, Committees on Balance-of-Payments Restrictions, Market Access (covering also ITA), Agriculture, Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures, Technical Barriers to Trade, Subsidies and Countervailing Measures, Anti-Dumping Measures, Customs Valuation, Rules of Origin, Import Licensing, Trade-Related Investment Measures, Safeguards, Trade in Financial Services.
